Cor Vasa 2024, 66(6):574-579 | DOI: 10.33678/cor.2024.055

Comparison of Flow-Mediated Dilatation and Endothelin-1 Levels Between Normal and Obese Adolescents

Meity Ardiana^a, Nur Aisiyah Widjaja^b, Achmad Tri Ludfy Avianto^a, Achmad Faisal Dwi Raharja^a

^a Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga - Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia

^b Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga - Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia

Background: Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is one of the major mechanisms in various cardiovascular dis- eases. ED is associated with obesity and hypertension, which is reflected by low flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) value and high endothelin-1 (ET-1) level in adults or older. However, their value in adolescents is less known. This study aims to compare the FMD and ET-1 between obesity with hypertension, obesity without hypertension, and normal adolescents.

Method: A total of 72 Indonesian adolescents with a mean age of 195 (178-217) months and dominated by males (61%) were classified into the three following groups obesity with hypertension (n = 21), obesity with- out hypertension (n = 19), and normal (n = 32) adolescents. FMD was measured using the brachial artery by previously applied supra systolic pressure in the forearm in 5 minutes. ET-1 was measured by Sandwich ELISA.

Results: The median ET-1 level was 42 (2.4-384) pg/mL. However, there are no significant differences in ET-1 levels between all groups (p 0.269). Although FMD values are descriptively higher in normal adolescents, however, there are no statistical differences (p 0.159) in FMD values between obese with hypertension (9.1 ± 5%), obese without hypertension (8.3 ± 3.1%), and normal (10.9 ± 6.2%) groups. Comparison of ET-1 levels between groups with ED and without ED (FMD cut-off 7.1%) showed no differences (p 0.77) among them. In addition, ET-1 was not significantly correlated with FMD (p 0.66, r -0.053).

Conclusion: There are no differences in ET-1 and FMD values between obesity with hypertension, obesity without hypertension, and normal Indonesian adolescents. The correlation between ET-1 and FMD is not significant in adolescents.

Keywords: Endothelial dysfunction, Endothelin, Flow-mediated dilatation, Obesity

Received: June 11, 2024; Revised: June 22, 2024; Accepted: July 18, 2024; Prepublished online: June 2, 2012; Published: December 20, 2024  Show citation