Cor Vasa 2023, 65(4):710-714 | DOI: 10.33678/cor.2023.041

(Atheroma of mitral annulus - cause of progressive dyspnoea)

Beata Bortlíčková, Iva Procházková, Radim Brát

Kardiochirurgické centrum, Fakultní nemocnice Ostrava, Ostrava

A 75-year-old female with progressive dyspnoea, having gradually increased during one year, was refer- red by her cardiologist to our University Hospital Ostrava to transoesophageal echocardiography. On the transthoracic echocardiography there was found a large tumor in the posterior mitral valve annulus with unknown etiology, tumor made mitral stenosis and regurgitation. In the differential diagnosis we think about myxoma, rare lipoma, and atheroma. We did not think about infective endocarditis (abscess) because there were no clinical symptoms. The patient was sent to magnetic resonance imaging, which didn't confirm stenosis of mitral valve. We didn't think about cardiosurgical treatment, because we were afraid of atrioventricular disconnection in the reason of localization. Next step was lung examination with physiological result. Coronarography had negative coronarogram, pathological vascularisation of the tumor from atrial branch of right coronary artery was detected. Computer tomography detected expansive process in the posterior basal segment of the left ventricle without calcification - we think about fibroma, myxoma in the differential diagnosis. Result of the CT was consulted with Radiodiagnostic Department of the University Hospital Vinohrady in Prague. We agreed that the tumor is atheroma of the mitral valve. Patient was indicated to surgical treatment - excision of the tumor and valve replacement. The operation was carried out in extracorporeal circulation and normothermiae. The cavity was full of caseos mass, blood, and calcification, drained by incision. Mitral valve was deformed by the tumor, the decision was the replacement by biological prosthesis SJM Epic No 27. Atrial fibrillation was the only one complication in the postoperative time. On the TTE there was no recidivism of the tumor. Dyspnea disappeared; physical condition was step by step better. The patient has been in care of her district cardiologist after a year of follow-up.

Keywords: Caseos tumor, Dyspnea, Mitral valve stenosis with regurgitation

Received: March 21, 2023; Revised: May 5, 2023; Accepted: May 8, 2023; Published: September 1, 2023  Show citation