Cor Vasa 2023, 65(1):7-22 | DOI: 10.33678/cor.2022.059

(Postmortem genetic testing in sudden cardiac death victims and genetic screening of relatives at risk in the Czech Republic)

Alice Krebsováa, Štěpánka Pohlová Kučerováb, Pavel Votýpkac, Petra Peldovác, Markéta Kulvajtovád, Petra Dohnalováe, Matěj Bíleke, f, Veronika Stufkaf, Kristina Rücklovág, Iva Grossováh, Hanka Wünschováa, Terezia Tavačovách, Jana Haškováa, Markéta Segeťováa, Andrea Gřegořovái, Veronika Zoubkovác, Jana Petřkováj, k, l, Martin Dobiášm, Michal Makušan, Alžběta Blankováo, David Veitro, Hynek Řehulkap, Ivan Šubrtq, Alexander Pilinf, Petr Tomášeke, Jan Janoušekch, Josef Kautznera, Milan Macek Jr.c
a Klinika kardiologie, Institut klinické a experimentální medicíny, Praha
b Ústav soudního lékařství, Lékařská fakulta Univerzity Karlovy a Fakultní nemocnice Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové
c Ústav biologie a lékařské genetiky, 2. lékařská fakulta Univerzity Karlovy a Fakultní nemocnice Motol, Praha
d Ústav soudního lékařství, 3. lékařská fakulta Univerzity Karlovy a Fakultní nemocnice Královské Vinohrady, Praha
e Ústav soudního lékařství, Fakultní nemocnice Bulovka, Praha
f Ústav soudního lékařství, 1. lékařská fakulta Univerzity Karlovy a Všeobecná fakultní nemocnice v Praze, Praha
g Klinika dětí a dorostu,$3. lékařská fakulta Univerzity Karlovy a Fakultní nemocnice Královské Vinohrady, Praha
h Vojenský ústav soudního lékařství, Ústřední vojenská nemocnice - Vojenská fakultní nemocnice, Praha
ch Dětské kardiocentrum, 2. lékařská fakulta Univerzity Karlovy a Fakultní nemocnice Motol, Praha
i Ústav biologie a lékařské genetiky, Fakultní nemocnice Ostrava, Ostrava
j I. interní klinika - kardiologická, Lékařská fakulta Univerzity Palackého v Olomouci a Fakultní nemocnice Olomouc, Olomouc
k Ústav lékařské genetiky, Fakultní nemocnice Olomouc, Olomouc
l Ústav patologické fyziologie, Lékařská fakulta Univerzity Palackého v Olomouci, Olomouc
m Ústav soudního lékařství, Fakultní nemocnice Olomouc, Olomouc
n Soudně-lékařské oddělení, Nemocnice České Budějovice, České Budějovice
o Ústav soudního lékařství a toxikologie, Krajská nemocnice Liberec, Liberec
p Ústav soudního lékařství, Fakultní nemocnice Plzeň, Plzeň
q Ústav lékařské genetiky, Fakultní nemocnice Plzeň, Plzeň

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) in individuals younger than 40 years has a heritable cause in a significant subset of cases. Identification of SCD, postmortem genetic analysis along with the cardiological screening in first degree relatives represents an important tool for the primary prevention of cardiac arrest in victim's relatives and requires multicentric and multidisciplinary collaboration. Between 2016 and 2021 we dealt with totally 133 cases of sudden death, the complex cardiogenetic analysis was performed in 115 cases at the age of 0-59 years with post mortem diagnosis of cardiomyopathy, acute aortic dissection and cases without morphological finding explaining the cause of death (sudden arrhythmic death or sudden unexplained death). DNA was isolated from post mortem collected tissue samples or relative's blood and subjected to massively parallel sequencing (SophiaGenetics, Switzerland). Genetic counselling and cardiological examinations were carried out in 328 family members. Highly likely or certain molecular aetiology (i.e. based on presence of ACMG.net classification 4 to 5 variants) was disclosed in 19.8% of analysed cases in RYR2, KCNH2, KCNQ1, SCN5A, FLNC, GLA, TTN, TNNT2, RBM 20, MYBPC3, MYPN, FHL1, TGFBR1, and COL3A1 genes. With cardiogenetic screening we identified 83/328 (26.2%) relatives at risk of life threatening arrhythmias, who were offered individualised care.

Conclusion: Our study with postmortem analysis could reveal a pathogenic DNA variant in 19.8% of cases and in 32.6% in cases with positive family history. A relevant number of studied victims had a positive family history, which indicates the importance of family cascade screening in patients with heart failure or malignant arrhythmias of unclear aetiology for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death.

Keywords: Family cascade screening, Genetic analysis, Inherited cardiovascular diseases, Prevention, Sudden cardiac death

Received: May 15, 2022; Revised: May 20, 2022; Accepted: May 27, 2022; Published: March 1, 2023  Show citation

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Krebsová A, Pohlová Kučerová Š, Votýpka P, Peldová P, Kulvajtová M, Dohnalová P, et al.. (Postmortem genetic testing in sudden cardiac death victims and genetic screening of relatives at risk in the Czech Republic). Cor Vasa. 2023;65(1):7-22. doi: 10.33678/cor.2022.059.
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