Cor Vasa 2021, 63(6):697-701 | DOI: 10.33678/cor.2021.068

Association of anatomical defects of the inferior vena cava and gonadal veins with pelvic varicose veins

Anastasia A. Akulovaa, b, Abubakari I. Sidikia, Alexandr G. Faibushevicha, Zaurbek Kh. Shugusheva, b, Daniil A. Maximkina, Nikolay A. Talovb, Olga V. Taranenkoc, Galina I. Veretnica
a Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
b Private healthcare institution "Central clinical hospital RZD-Medicine", Moscow, Russia
c FSBI "National Medical Research Centre for obstetrics, gynaecology and perinatology named after academician V.I. Kulakov", Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

Knowledge of the clinical and anatomical variations of the pelvic venous system plays a significant role in the diagnosis and transcatheter methods of treatment of pelvic varicose veins. The most important characteristics of gonadal veins are identified by phlebography of the inferior vena cava and pelvic veins. These characteristics should be taken into account during endovascular interventions in order to avoid possible complications.

Keywords: Endovascular embolization of gonadal veins, Pelvic varicose veins, Venous pelvic pain,

Received: March 30, 2021; Revised: March 30, 2021; Accepted: June 6, 2021; Published: December 13, 2021  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Akulova AA, Sidiki AI, Faibushevich AG, Shugushev ZK, Maximkin DA, Talov NA, et al.. Association of anatomical defects of the inferior vena cava and gonadal veins with pelvic varicose veins. Cor Vasa. 2021;63(6):697-701. doi: 10.33678/cor.2021.068.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Whiteley AM, Taylor DC, Dos Santos SJ, et al. Pelvic venous reflux is a major contributory cause of recurrent varicose veins in more than a quarter of women. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2014;2:411-415. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    2. Asciutto G, Mumme A, Asciutto KC, et al. Pelvic vein incompetence influences pain levels in patients with lower limb varicosity. Phlebology 2010;25:179-183. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    3. Lasry JL, Coppe G, Balian E, Borie H. Pelvi-perineal venous insufficiency and varicose veins of the lower limbs: duplex Doppler diagnosis and endoluminal treatment in thirty females. J Mal Vasc 2007;32:23-31. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    4. Antignani PL, Lazarashvili Z, Monedero JL, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of pelvic congestion syndrome: UIP consensus document. Int Angiol 2019;38:265-283. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    5. Lopez AJ. Female pelvic vein embolization: indications, techniques, and outcomes. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2015;38:806-820. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    6. Black CM. Anatomy and physiology of the lower- -extremity deep and superficial veins. Tech Vasc Interv Radiol 2014;17:68-73. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    7. Koo S, Fan CM. Pelvic congestion syndrome and pelvic varicosities. Tech Vasc Interv Radiol 2014;17:90-95. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    8. Beckett D, Dos Santos SJ, Dabbs EB, et al. Anatomical abnormalities of the pelvic venous system and their implications for endovascular management of pelvic venous reflux. Phlebology 2018;33:567-574. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    9. Seddon J. The management of varicose veins. Br J Surg 1973;60:345-347. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    10. Ahlberg NE, Bartley O, Chidekel N. Right and left gonadal veins. Anatomical and statistical study. Acta Radiol Diagn (Stockh) 1966;4:593-601. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    11. Kamina P, Chansigaud JP. Functional anatomy of pelvic veins in women. Phlebologie 1989;42:363-384. Go to PubMed...
    12. Ali-El-Dein B, Osman Y, Shokeir AA, et al. Multiple arteries in live donor renal transplantation: surgical aspects and outcomes. J Urol 2003;169:2013-2027. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    13. Mathews R, Smith PA, Fishman EK, Marshall FF. Anomalies of the inferior vena cava and renal veins: embryologic and surgical considerations. Urology 1999;53:873-880. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    14. Satyapal KS, Kalideen M, Haffejee AA, et al. Left renal vein variations. Surg Radiol Anat 1999;21:77-81. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    15. Watarai Y, Kubo K, Hirano T, et al. Intravenous digital subtraction angiography and helical computed tomography in evaluation of living renal donors. Int J Urol 2001;8:417-422. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    16. Urban BA, Ratner LE, Fishman EK. Tree-dimensional volume-rendered CT angiography of the renal arteries and veins: normal anatomy, variants and clinical applications. Radio-graphics 2001;21:373-386. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    17. Drabe N, Zund G, Hoerstrup SP, et al. Surgical management of retro-aortic left renal vein in combined abdominal aortic and coronary surgery. Vasa 2001;30:135-137. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    18. Mandal AK, Cohen C, Montgomery RA, et al. Should the indications for laparascopic live donor nephrectomy of the right kidney be the same as for the open procedure? Anomalous left renal vasculature is not a contraindication to laparoscopic left donor nephrectomy. Transplantation 2001;71:660-664. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    19. Izumiyama M, Horiguchi M. [Two cases of the retroaortic left renal vein and a morphogenetic consideration of the anomalous vein]. Kaibogaku Zasshi 1997;72:535-543. Japanese. Go to PubMed...
    20. Nam JK, Park SW, Lee SD, Chung MK. The clinical significance of a retroaortic left renal vein. Korean J Urol 2010;51:276-280. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    21. Chen H, Emura S, Nagasaki S, Kubo KY. Double inferior vena cava with inter iliac vein: a case report and literature review. Okajimas Folia Anat Jpn 2012;88:147-151. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    22. Jiménez R, Morant F. The importance of venous and renal anomalies for surgical repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms. In: Grundmann RT (Ed.) Diagnosis, screening and treatment of abdominal, thoracoabdominal and thoracic aortic aneurysms. In Tech 2011; 269-275. Go to original source...
    23. Huntington GS, McLure CF. The development of the veins in the domestic cat (felis domestica) with especial reference, 1) tothe share taken by the supracardinal vein in the development of the postcava and azygous vein and 2) to the interpretation of the variant conditions of the postcava and its tributaries, as found in the adult. Anatomical Record 1920;20:1-29. Go to original source...
    24. Mathews R, Smith PA, Fishman EK, Marshall FF. Anomalies of the inferior vena cava and renal veins: embryologic and surgical considerations. Urology 1999;53:873-880. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    25. Ashley DW, Gamblin TC, Burch ST, Solis MM. Accurate deployment of vena cava filters: comparison of intravascular ultrasound and contrast venography. J Trauma 2001;50:975-981. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    26. Itoh M, Moriyama H, Tokunaga Y, et al. Embriological consideration of drainage of the left testicular vein into the ipsilateral renal vein: analysis of cases of a double inferior vena cava. Int J Androl 2001;24:142-152. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    27. Gayer G, Luboshitz J, Hertz M, et al. Congenital anomalies of the inferior vena cava revealed on CT in patients with deep vein thrombosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2003;180:729-732. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    28. Hayashi M, Kume T, Nihira H. Abnormalities of renal venous system and unexplained renal hematuria. J Urol 1980;124:12-16. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    29. Fernandes R, Israel RH. Isolated azygos continuation of the inferior vena cava in the elderly. Respiration 2000;67:229-233. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    30. Watarai Y, Kubo K, Hirano T, et al. Intravenous digital subtraction angiography and helical computed tomography in evaluation of living renal donors. Int J Urol 2001;8:417-422. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content


    Cor et Vasa

    You are accessing a site intended for medical professionals, not the lay public. The site may also contain information that is intended only for persons authorized to prescribe and dispense medicinal products for human use.

    I therefore confirm that I am a healthcare professional under Act 40/1995 Coll. as amended by later regulations and that I have read the definition of a healthcare professional.


    No
    Yes